The City of Daly City is pleased to present to you, our customers, the 2006 Consumer Confidence Report (CCR). We want you to know about the City's water supply; where it comes from, how it is handled to insure your health and safety, upcoming changes to the system and the results of ongoing water quality monitoring.

If you have any questions regarding your water bill, water quality, or this Report, please use the numbers below for answers to your inquiries.

For any questions concerning your bill, starting or stopping service, contact Utility Billing at: (650) 991-8082

To report a leak or other problems (24- hours a day), obtain water quality information or other technical data, or to ask any water related questions, please call the Water and Wastewater Resources Department: (650) 991-8200

The contact person for water quality information issues or for anything specifically related to this Report: Patrick Sweetland, Director of Water and Wastewater Resources: (650) 991-8200

Meetings of the City Council of the City of Daly City begin at 7:00 pm on the second and fourth Monday of each month and are open to the public. Meetings are held in the City Council Chamber located on the second floor of the Daly City Civic Center, 333-90^th Street.

We welcome your comments and suggestions on how to improve our water system or methods to better preserve our resources. Contact Patrick Sweetland of the Department of Water and Wastewater Resources for information regarding future public meetings, to voice concerns regarding service or delivery of your water.

Important consumer information is also available on Daly City's website at: www.dalycity.org.

The City of Daly City has successfully converted the drinking water disinfectant from chlorine to chloramine. The conversion took place during the first week of February 2004.

Conversion to chloramine allows the City to provide water that meets the stringent drinking water standards for disinfection byproducts, specifically the Federal and State Disinfectant/Disinfection Byproducts Rule (D/DBP Rule). Chloramine, a combination of five parts chlorine and one part ammonia, is a more stable disinfectant, lasts longer in water, and produces lower levels of disinfection byproducts called trihalomethanes (TTHMs) and halacetic acids (HAA5s), suspected carcinogens. While the current standard is a maximum TTHM level of 80 parts per billion, Daly City water currently tests at 32.8 parts per billion. And HAA5s currently test at 18.4 parts per billion, well below the standard of 60 parts per billion.

According to the EPA, approximately one-third of all water suppliers in the United States use chloramine as a drinking water disinfectant. Local agencies include the East Bay Municipal Utility District, Alameda County Water District, Santa Clara Valley Water District, Contra Costa Water District and Marin Municipal Water District. The City of Denver, Colorado, has chloraminated their water supply for 90 years. Everything we know about chloramine indicates that it enhances public safety in the drinking water supply.

An operational consideration associated with the use of chloramination is to avoid stagnant water within the system. Chloramination retains a modal contact time of up to 28 days. Stagnant water increases the possibility of taste and odor complaints associated with nitrification.

Part of the City’s response to the chloramine conversion involved a citywide flushing program completed in Fall 2003. The flushing program cycle again commenced in August 2006 to clear out naturally occurring sediment from water mains. Crews flush the system by opening fire hydrants throughout local neighborhoods. In addition to clearing water lines, this flushing program enables staff to better assess the condition of water valves in the system and fire flows throughout the community.

Just as they had with chlorine, three groups need to take precautions with chloramine. Those groups include kidney dialysis patients, owners of fish, amphibians and reptiles that live in water, and businesses requiring highly processed water.

Owners of fish, amphibians and reptiles can utilize special treatment methods, either drops or tablets, or a biological filter combined with a chemical agent to neutralize chloramine. However, these same precautions need not be taken for any other household use of drinking water.

Chloraminated water is safe for people and animals to drink, cook with, bathe in, and for all other general uses. Again, the three groups mentioned above will not be doing anything different by removing the drinking water disinfectant prior to use; they will now just use a different method of removal.

The Hetch Hetchy watershed is a 459 square mile area located in Yosemite National Park at the headwaters of the Tuolumne River. It provides approximately 80 percent of the San Francisco Public Utilities Commission (SFPUC) supply.

The Hetch Hetchy system captures water inflows from the watershed in the Hetch Hetchy Reservoir. This reservoir, the primary source for the system, is filled by spring snowmelt, runoff and the Tuolumne River. Water in the Hetch Hetchy Reservoir is treated but not filtered because it is of such high quality.

The SFPUC water supply is contained in surface water reservoirs. The term “surface water” refers to water that is collected at ground level. Wells comprise what is termed “groundwater,” or water that is stored below the earth’s surface. When we are not in a conjunctive use agreement, about half the water served by the Daly City Water System is from local wells.

Daly City completed a source water assessment of its local groundwater sources in 2003. Groundwater in many ways is a much more protected source than surface water. We draw water from an average depth of 300 feet below ground from a large aquifer known as the Westside Basin. This Basin serves a large portion of the northern San Mateo Peninsula and extends north to Golden Gate Park in San Francisco. Because of its protected environment and the consistency of our monitoring results, our well water is only required to have a disinfectant added to it prior to being served in our system.

The City wells are checked regularly for bacteriological levels and nonchlorinated/untreated well water is consistently determined to have a rating of “non-detect” for any coliform organisms. Daly City well water is blended with San Francisco water and then distributed throughout the community.

Results from nitrate testing showed detected amounts of nitrate in excess of the MCL of 45 mg/L (ppm) at Well #4 and A Street Well, but the blended average in the distribution system was 1.23 mg/L. Nitrate is one of the major anions in natural water, but concentrations can be greatly elevated due to leaching of nitrogen from fertilizers.

While there are no significant health effects of nitrate levels in your tap water due to blending, additional information is required because of the elevated findings in the well water and is not an indicator or statement of the quality of water distributed to you.Please refer to Page 8 for additional information on nitrate.

The sources of drinking water (both tap and bottled) include rivers, lakes, streams, ponds, reservoirs, springs and wells. As water travels over the surface of the land or through the ground, it dissolves naturally occurring minerals and in some cases even radioactive material. Surface waters in particular can be susceptible to substances resulting from the presence of animals or human activity. Contaminants that may be present in source waters include:
Microbial Contaminants such as viruses and bacteria that may come from septic systems, agricultural livestock operations and wildlife.

Inorganic Contaminants such as salts and minerals which can be naturally occurring or result from urban stormwater runoff, industrial or domestic wastewater discharges, oil and gas production, mining or farming.

Organic Chemical Contaminants including synthetic and volatile organics which are by-products of industrial processes and petroleum production and can also come from septic systems, urban stormwater runoff, and agricultural chemicals such as chemical fertilizers and gas stations.
MTBE, a gasoline additive, has become a recent water quality concern. This organic contaminant has rapidly been made a primary contaminant by DHS and is regularly monitored. All test results for MTBE in the City’s wells and distribution system have been rated “non-detect”.
Radioactive Contaminants which can be naturally occurring, or the result of oil and gas production and mining activities.

Pesticides and Herbicides may come from a variety of sources such as agriculture, urban stormwater runoff and residential uses.

Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring helps the U.S. EPA and the State Department of Health Services to determine where certain contaminants occur and whether the contaminants need to be regulated.

During 2000, the SFPUC monitored for 12 unregulated contaminants including MTBE, perchlorate, herbicides, and pesticides. These contaminants were not detected in any of Daly City’s or SFPUC’s supplies. Testing in 2005 indicated the presence of Chromium-6 as noted on Page 8 of this Report.

Source Protection is the primary barrier to water pollution. A contaminant that does not get into the water source does not need to be removed. SFPUC maintains a comprehensive watershed control and management program to protect source water.

The water from Hetch Hetchy Reservoir in Yosemite National Park is so well protected that the Hetch Hetchy water supply is one of only six major water supplies in the country that is exempt from filtration. SFPUC controls activities on the watershed lands around their East Bay reservoirs, limiting activities to those compatible with maximum protection of the water quality.

The quality of the water supplied by local wells is high enough so as to not require further treatment other than disinfection for your protection. The City is committed to providing the highest quality, safe water from its system to our customers.

Water Treatment is the next protective barrier. Water from the remote Hetch Hetchy reservoir and our wells is unfiltered because it meets all state and federal requirements without filtration. Water from the other Bay Area watersheds near populated areas is filtered to meet standards for clarity. All of Daly City’s water is disinfected in order to retain distribution system residuals that meet State and Federal quality standards.

Effective Operation & Maintenance of the distribution system assures that the water maintains its quality as it travels through the system to your tap. Minimal chlorine residual is maintained in the distribution system to prevent any regrowth of organisms during storage and transmission of the water as it travels to you. Active flushing of water mains and rotation of stored water supplies also keep the water fresh and limit growth of organisms.

Daly City conducts continuous water quality monitoring and testing to assure your drinking water is safe and healthy. Daly City, working with the San Mateo County Health Department, maintains an active cross-connection control program to prevent the intrusion of potentially harmful materials into the drinking water system. Cross-connection control is done by isolating hazards (boilers, cooling towers, fire sprinklers, etc.) from the drinking water supply by requiring and overseeing the installation of approved backflow prevention devices. These devices are annually inspected and certified by trained staff to insure their continued effectiveness.

An assessment of local municipal groundwater production wells of the drinking water source for the City of Daly City was completed in March 2003. The work was performed in accordance with regulations established under California’s Drinking Water Source Assessment and Protection Program administered by the State Department of Health Services (DHS).

Five of Daly City’s six municipal production wells assessed (‘A’ Street, Vale, Jefferson, Junipero Serra and Westlake) were noted as being highly protected from potential pathways of contamination. Well #4 was noted as being moderately protected.

The City’s municipal wells are considered most vulnerable to automotive related activities (gasoline stations, repair facilities), highways, roadways, sewer lines and railroads (BART) that result from the commercial and urbanized character of the overlaying land in the community. While the source assessment results are positive, they underscore the importance of ongoing monitoring and remedial activities now taking place to ensure the water quality of this local resource is preserved for potable purposes.

A copy of the complete assessment is available from the DHS Drinking Water Field Operations Branch, 850 Marina Bay Parkway, Building P, 2nd Floor, Richmond, CA 94804. You may also obtain a summary of the assessment by contacting either DHS District Engineer Eric Lacy at (510) 620-3453, or Daly City’s Director of Water and Wastewater Resources Patrick Sweetland at (650) 991-8200.

Arsenic
New regulations for reporting arsenic levels have been established at less than 10 ug/l. Staff has completed preliminary testing of its groundwater at five local wells. Current testing standards detect arsenic at 1 ug/l, and the Junipero Serra Well test results were 1.4 ug/l, while all other wells tested were non-detect. While results are below the standard, Daly City will provide an informational statement if for any reason sampling exceeds 5 ug/l (one-half of the new standard) as this testing program is implemented.

Chromium-6
Chromium is currently regulated under the 50-microgram per liter (ug/l) maximum contaminant level (MCL) for total chromium. There is no MCL established at this time for Chromium-6; however, testing from three Daly City wells were as follows:
Well #4 - 19 ug/l Jefferson Well - 9.7 ug/l Vale Well - 16 ug/l

For additional information, please refer to the California Department of Health Services website at:
http://www.dhs.ca.gov/ps/ddwem/chemicals/Chromium6/Cr+6index.htm

Cryptosporidium & Giardia
Cryptosporidium and Giardia are found in most surface water supplies and can pose a potential health threat. If ingested, either may produce symptoms of diarrhea, stomach cramps, upset stomach, and slight fever. Some people are more vulnerable to Cryptosporidium than others and should seek advice about types of drinking water from their health care providers. The SFPUC tests regularly for Cryptosporidium and Giardia in both source and treated water supplies.
Drinking water, including bottled water, may reasonably be expected to contain at least minute amounts of some contaminants including Cryptosporidium and Giardia. The presence of small amounts of contaminants does not necessarily indicate that water poses a health risk. More information about contaminants and potential health effects can be obtained by calling the Environmental Protection Agency’s Safe Drinking Water Hotline at (800) 426-4791.
Please note that Cryptosporidium and Giardia are associated with surface water supplies and are not commonly detected in groundwater. Daly City’s wells in previous years have never had a detected level of either of these microbes.

Nitrate
Nitrate in drinking water at levels above 45 mg/L is a health risk for infants of less than six months of age. High nitrate levels in drinking water can interfere with the capacity of an infant’s blood to carry oxygen, resulting in serious illness; symptoms include shortness of breath and blueness of the skin. High nitrate levels may also affect the ability of the blood to carry oxygen in other individuals, such as pregnant women and those with certain specific enzyme deficiencies. Nitrate levels may rise quickly for short periods of time because of rainfall or agricultural activity. If you are caring for an infant, or you are pregnant, you should seek advice from your health care provider.

The City of Daly City is offering a rebate of $50-$150 to residents who purchase and install an Energy Star clothes washer. Most major appliance brands offer models that qualify for the rebate.
High-efficiency washers with the Energy Star label use 38% less water and 56% less energy than standard-efficiency models. (Check with PG&E about an additional rebate for energy conservation.) The super-efficient washers extract more moisture from clothes, thereby reducing the time and energy used for drying. The increased efficiency translates into 13,500 to 36,000 gallons of water saved per machine per year. Tests have shown that Energy Star washers get clothes cleaner, rinse more thoroughly, treat clothes more gently, and use less detergent than other washers.

Additional information, including a list of qualified washers and rebate applications, is available at www.conservationrebates.com by clicking on “Bay Area Water.” You may also contact your local appliance retailer selling Energy Star washers or Daly City’s Ward Donnelly at wdonnelly@dalycity.org or (650) 991-8208.

FREE Water Conservation Devices
The Daly City Water Department is asking water customers to help achieve a voluntary 10% cutback in water consumption in the coming months to help avert possible mandatory rationing and deeper water consumption limits later this year. According to the latest measures, March precipitation at the Hetch Hetchy Reservoir was just 27% of normal, and the Sierra snow pack in the region is at just 46% of normal for the season.

In order to help our water customers meet this conservation call, the Daly City Water Department offers free water-saving devices in addition to the Energy Star Clothes Washer Rebate Program outlined on Page 8. The devices include faucet aerators, shower heads, hose nozzles and toilet devices. For a listing of devices and further information regarding Water Conservation, visit www.dalycity.org and click on “Help Conserve Water.” To order your free water-saving devices, call or email Daly City’s Ward Donnelly at wdonnelly@dalycity.org or (650) 991-8208.

How Can Consumers Help Achieve a Voluntary 10% Cutback on Water Usage?
· Replace your shower head with a low-flow device.
· Purchase an Energy Star Clothes Washer. You may be eligible for a rebate from $50-$150. (See Page 8 for details.)
· Repair dripping faucets and leaky toilets. Dripping faucets can waste up to 2,000 gallons of water each year in the average home. Leaky toilets can waste as much as 200 gallons per day.

Bottled Water vs. Tap Water
Buying bottled water is a matter of personal choice. In the U.S., bottled water is less regulated than municipal drinking water. Bottled water is also hundreds of times more expensive. Five gallons of Daly City tap water costs about two cents. Five gallons of bottled water from the grocery store will cost you, on average, about $5. That is 250 times more expensive than tap water!

In emergencies, bottled water can be a vital source of drinking water for people without access to clean water. We all learned vital lessons from Hurricane Katrina. One of those lessons is that we may need to sustain ourselves, without the assistance of Federal, State, or local resources, for up to seven days following a disaster. Families are encouraged to store one gallon of bottled water per person, per day, for up to seven days. Remember, bottled water has a shelf life. Therefore, you should periodically change the water you store for emergencies. And if you regularly use bottled water, treat it as you would any other food, and refrigerate it after opening.

Facts About Water
· Of all the Earth’s water, 97% is salt water found in oceans and seas.
· Only one percent of the Earth’s water is available for drinking. Two percent is currently frozen.
· About two-thirds of the human body is water. Some parts of the body contain more water than others. For example, 70% of your skin is water.
· Approximately one million miles of pipelines and aqueducts carry water in the United States and Canada. That is enough to circle the Earth 40 times.

How Do I Know My Water is Safe?
In order to insure that tap water is safe to drink, the U.S. EPA and the State Department of Health Services (DHS) prescribe regulations which limit the amount of certain contaminants in water provided by public water systems. DHS regulations also establish limits for contaminants in bottled water.

Drinking water, including bottled water, may reasonably be expected to contain at least small amounts of some contaminants. The presence of contaminants does not necessarily indicate that water poses a health risk. Some people may be more vulnerable to contaminants in drinking water than the general population. Immuno-compromised persons, such as persons with cancer undergoing chemotherapy, persons who have undergone organ transplants, people with HIV/AIDS or other immune system disorders, some elderly, and infants can be particularly at risk from infections. These people should seek advice about drinking water from their health care providers. EPA/Center for Disease Control guidelines on appropriate means to lessen the risk of infection by Cryptosporidium and other microbial contaminants are available from the U.S. EPA's Safe Drinking Water Hotline (800-426-4791) or on the U.S. EPA’s website www.epa.gov/safewater/hfacts.html.